1005
Effective against most Gram-positive organisms with the exception of
penicillinase-producing staphylococci and pp Neisseria gonorrhea.
Useful for treating STD caused by gonorrhea.
One of the drugs recommended by the CDC for outpatient treatment of
acute PID and salpingitis.
1006
May be used in combination with an aminoglycoside or cephalosporin as
initial therapy. Used in life-threatening Pseudomonas infections.
1007
initial therapy. Used for life-threatening Pseudomonas infections.
1008
1010
Useful in susceptible gram-negative infections when the potential
toxicity of aminoglycosides may be avoided. More active against certain
gram-negative bacilli and is less active against gram-positive cocci
than either cephalothin or cefazole. Resistance occurs frequently.
1011
Bactericidal for most gram-positive and certain gram-negative organ-
isms. With the exception of Klebsiella species and UTI that are resistant
to penicillin or sulfanomides, cephalosporins are not agents of choice.
Widely used in perioperative prophylaxis. Should not be administered
to patients who have had immediate or accelerated reactions to penicillin
The first-generation cephalosporin of choice for IV use. Also the most
cost-effective for IV administration.
1012
Active against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
In combination, it is synergistic against Pseudomonas with cephalosporins
and broad spectrum penicillins. High degree of protein binding produces
very high serum levels to make the drug adequate to treat most infections
even though it is less active than other third-generation cephalosporins
against many bacteria.
1013
As with other third-generation cephalosporins, the true clinical role
of cefotaxime remains to be defined. Useful in treatment of STD caused by
gonorrhea and other serious infections due to susceptible gram-negatives.
1014
Useful when mixed aerobic-anaerobic infection is suspected, such as
the empiric therapy of peritonitis or pelvic infection. Should not be
used alone when resistant gram-negative bacilli, such as Pseudomonas, may
be the etiologic agent. Effective for perioperative prophylaxis.
Useful in treating STD in disseminated gonorrhea infection.
Painful on IM injection. Give with a local anesthetic like lidocaine.
The second-generation cephalosporin of choice for IV administration
when Bacteroides is suspected.
One of the drugs recommended by the CDC for treatment of acute PID
and salpingitis on either outpatient or inpatient basis.
1015
Third-generation cephalosporin. Greater activity against Enterobacteria
than moxalactam or cefotaxime.
1016
Less active than any of the other cephalosporins against both
gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. Use should be limited to UTI
caused by organisms resistant to penicillins or sulfanomides, or to minor
infections due to Staphylococcus aureus in patients with a history of
delayed hypersensitivity to penicillin. Similar to cephradine.
1017
Clinical use similar to cefazolin, but considered less desirable
because of lower serum levels after comparable doses, more pain on injec-
tion, and the additive nephrotoxicity noted when cephalothin is given
with gentamicin or tobramycin. Similar to cephapirin.
1018
Primarily useful in treatment of anaerobic infections, including those
caused by Bacteroides fragilis. Intrabdominal infections due to anaerobes
and aerobic gram-negative bacilli may be treated with clindamycin in
combination with an aminoglycoside.
Useful in prophylaxis for hysterectomy or cesarean section.
One of the drugs recommended by the CDC for the treatment of acute PID
and salpingitis.
1019
Unique among tetracyclines in not accumulating in renal insufficiency.
Useful in treating an extraurinary infection in a patient with renal
insufficiency. Effective against Chlamydia.
1020
Useful in Chlamydia and as an alternative to penicillin in the treat-
ment of listerosis and STD due to syphilis and gonorrhea in pregnancy.
1022
Useful in treatment of serious gram-negative infections in all sites.
In combination with cephalosporins or broad-spectrum penicillins it is
frequently synergistic against various gram-negative bacilli.
Also used in combination with penicillin G, ampicillin, and vancomycin
for treatment of serious Enterococcal infections.
Used in combination with penicillinase-resistant penicillins to treat
serious Staphylococcus infection.
1029
Useful in empiric or specific therapy of nosocomial infections, either
alone or in combination with an aminoglycoside or a penicillin.
Significantly less active against Staphylococcus than cephalosporins
or cefotaxime. Group A and B Streptococcus are susceptible, but as with
all cephalosporins, Enterococcus is resistant.
1030
Like methicillin, this drug is used to treat Staphylococcal infection
only. It also appears to be less nephrotoxic than methicillin. It is not
hepatotoxic, as is oxacillin, and therefore, this drug is the parenteral
antistaphylococcal agent of choice. Oral forms of nafcillin are poorly
absorbed: cloxacillin or dicloxacillin are recommended instead.
1040
Useful in STD caused by gonorrhea and syphilis in penicillin-allergic
patients, and in treating UTI or lymphogranuloma venereum.
Agent of choice in treating Chlamydia.
Many strains of Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia and Pseudomonas are
inhibited by concentrations that are achievable in urine.
1041
Activity similar to carbenicillin, but requires lower concentrations.
1044
Primary use in treatment of severe Streptococcus and staphylococcus
infections in patients allergic to penicillins.
Drug of choice in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus infections.
Enhanced activity in combination with an aminoglycoside or rifampin.
1046
The first-generation cephalosporin of choice for oral use. Also the
most cost-effective for oral administration.
1045
The oral second-generation cephalosporin of choice for cost-effectiveness